Change-gear mechanism for machine-tools.



PATENTED NOV. 15, 1904.

. W. TL s. JOHNSON. CHANGE GEAR MECHANISM FOR MACHINE TOOLS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24, 1904 3 SHEET SSHEET 1.

N0 MODEL.

No. 774,883. PATENTED Nov. 15, 1904.

- W. T. s. JOHNSON. CHANGE GEAR MECHANISM FOR MACHINE TOOLS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24, 1904. 4

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CHANGE GEAR MECHANISM FOR MACHINE TOOLS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24, 1904. N0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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PATENT OEEICE.

CHANGE-GEAR MECHANISM FOR MACHINE-TOOLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 774,883, dated November15, 1904.

' Application filed June 24, 1904. Serial No. 214,643. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM T. S. JOHN- soN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton andState of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inChange-Gear Mechanism for Machine-Tools of which'the following is afull, clear, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying part of my specificascrew-cutting lathes changes in thenumber of threads to be cut may be produced.

The object of my invention is to produce a simple efficient change-gearmechanism arranged to readily produce any one of a number of designedspeeds,which will at the same time be readily adjustable to produce anydesired feed. The several advantages of my invention will appear as Iproceed with my description.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an end elevation of a lathe with myimproved change-gear mechanism attached. Fig. 2 is a front elevation ofsame. Fig. 3 is a section of Fig. 1 on the line 3 3 thereof. Fig. Iis asimilar section illustrating the arrangement when a different thread isto be cut or a different rate of feed to be produced than any of thenumber of threads or speeds that the machine is especially designed toproduce. Fig. 5 is a section'of Fig. 3 on the line 5 5 thereof. Fig. 6is a longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale, of shaft K. Fig. 7 is apartial end elevation of the lathe, the outside wall of the the swingingear-box which contains a.

series of multiple gears, which by means of a sliding gear swinging withthe change-gear box maybe caused to produce several speeds in a set ofcone-gears G, which are carried in a cone-gear box F.

The cone-gear box F is of any ordinary type secured to the frame B andis open in front and provided near its top with a hinged lid F in i anyconvenient manner. shaft G projects beyond the box and there Thecone-gear "to the screw O and the rod D and operated in any convenient1nanner-as, for example, by

the lever Dthe gear Gr may be caused to operate either the screw or therod. The screw-shaft O projects through the cone-box, as at O, and isthere provided with gears in the manner presently to be described. (SeeFig. 3.)

A substantially U-shaped frame E is journaled on bushings E E, securedin the side walls of the cone-gear box, one side of the frame being justinside one end of the conegear box and the other side of the frame beingjust outside of the opposite end of the cone-gear box, with its axis ofoscillation coincident with the axis of the screw O. The swingingchange-gear box E is secured to or made a part of the latter side of theframe E and carries the multiple changegears,

which will now be described.

Ashaft K is journaled in the frame-E, and upon it are loosely mountedwithin the swinging gear-box the three gears L L L. Said shaft isdrilled out at the end to receive a slotted pin M, (see Fig. 6,) whichmay be pulled in or out by means of the handle M. In the slot of thispin is pivoted a key M, which is normally caused to project through akeyway N in the shaft K by means of a spring N. Said keyway is of thelength of the total depth of the three gears L, L, and L, which aremounted side by side in the said swinging gear-box. Said gears areprovided with keyways N, which are separated from each other by means ofrings I mounted on the shaft K. The pivoted key M is beveled at m, so asto readily slide over these rings when the pin M is pulled in or out.

It is apparent that by means of this pin and the pivoted key M any oneof the three gears L, L, or L may be keyed to the shaft K, the other twoturningloosely thereon.

One of the bushings Enamely, the one nearest the end of the screwisprolonged, and loosely journaled upon this bushing is a gear Z, having along hub Z, the face of the gear bearing against the frame E and thegear O, adjustably trunnioned on the usual adjustable arm O, and thegear O is driven by the stud-gear O in the usual manner. The gear O isprovided with a long hub 0 for a reason which will appear later.

The rotation of the shaft Kis communicated to any one of the set ofcone-gears G in the following manner, (see Figs. 3 and 5:) A sleeve P isfeathered to the shaft K, and its movement along the shaft K iscontrolled by means of-a bracket P, which is held ina fixed positionvertically with reference to the frame E by means of a rod P,whichpasses through an opening in said bracket P. The sleeve P turns looselyin the bracket P and has keyed to it a spur-gear Q, which is adapted toengage any one of the set of cone-gears G. The gear Q and the bracket Pare held in position by means of a collar 29 on the slceeve P and awasher 12. It is apparent that the bracket P may slide from side toside, so as to bring the gear Q opposite to any one of the set ofcone-gears Gr. It is also apparent that the gear Q after being broughtopposite any one of the cone-gears Gr may be brought into mesh with itby properly swinging the frame E by means of the bracket P.

The cone-gear box F has suitable slots in its side and front walls topermit of the swinging up and down of the shaft K, the rod P, and theframe E.

In order to lock the arm P in position when the gear Q is engaging thedesired one of the set of cone-gears, the upper edge of the front of thecone-gear box is stepped, as at R, (see Fig. 2,) there being a step foreach one of the set of cone-gears. On each step is a pin R, adapted tobe engaged by a notch in the flange of an adjustable collar S, which ismounted on the bracket P. This collar is spring-controlled, so as tonormally engage one of the pins, the arrangement being apparent fromFig. 5. The pins R are preferably provided with screw-threaded shanksand screwed into the steps, each one being provided with a lock-nut 0'.This arrangement permits of adjustment in case of wear of the gears.

It is obvious from the description that the cone-shaft may be given foreach one of the set of cone-gears either of three speeds, dependinguponwhich of the gears L, L, or L is caused to be keyed to the shaft K.It is thus apparent that in order to obtain the desired speed for thefeed-rod or the screw, supposing, of course, that the desired speed isany one of the speeds at which the machine is designed to run, it issimply necessary to pull out the pin M by means of the handle M, so thatthe key M'engages the proper one of the gears L L L, and then move thebracket P along the shaft K until it is opposite the proper one of theset of cone-gears and then swing the frame E until the gear Q engagesthat cone gear. The springcontrolled collar-S will then be in such aposition that the notch in its flange will engage one of the pins R. Ofcourse a suitable card may be provided to indicate the proper positionof the bracket P for each of the desired speeds. It often happens,however, that a speed or a pitch is desired for which the machine is notspecially designed, and my improved machine is especially adapted tosuch a contingency.

The end of the screw-shaft C is turned down, as at O, and is thereprovided with a keyway 0. To cut any unusual thread for which the set ofcone-gears and multiple gears do not provide, the nut and washer J J aretaken off and the set of gears Z Z Z removed. A change-gear T is thenkeyed onto the end of the screw 0 and the nut and washer J J- put back,said change-gear T being held between the end of the bushingE and thewasher J. The gear 0 is then removed and reversed, (see Fig. 4,) the hub0 being of such, length that in the reversed position the gear O will bebrought opposite the change-gear T. The adjustable arm 0 is thenadjusted so as to bring the gear O into mesh with the changegear T, andthe screw is then operated directl y, the cone-gear box being entirelyeliminated from the machine. It is apparent that any speed may be inthis way produced.

I do not wish to limit myself to-any particular number of multiple gearsL L L and ZZ Z, as it is apparent that this number may be increased ordiminished without departing from the spirit of my invention, nor do Iwish to limit myself to any of the details of construction described andshown in the drawings, as these may be changed in various ways.

What I claim, and desire to cover by Letters Patent, is

1. A change-gear device comprising a set of multiple gears turningtogether and means for driving the same, a swinging shaft with its axisof oscillation coincident with the axis of said set of multiple gears, asecond set of multiple gears journaled on said shaft and engaging saidfirst set of multiple gears, means adapted to key any one of said secondset of multiple gears to said shaft, a sliding gear on said shaftturning with the same and a set of cone-gears adapted to be engaged bysaid sliding gear, substantially as described.

2. A changegear device comprising a set of multiple gears turningtogether with means for driving the same, a frame swinging about theaxis of said set of multiple gears, a shaft journaled in said frame, asecond set of multiple gears journaled on said shaft and engaging saidfirst set of multiple gears, means adapted to key any one of said secondset of multiple gears to said shaft, an intermediate gear sliding onsaid shaft and turning with the same. a set of cone-gears adapted to beengaged by said sliding gear, and means for locking said frame and saidsliding gear in position, substantially as described;

3. A change-gear device comprising in combination with the driven shaft,a set of multiple gears turning together journaled on said driven shaft,with means for driving them, a swinging frame journaled on saiddriven'sh'aft, a shaft journaled in said frame, a second set of multiplegears loosely mounted on said shaft in engagement with the first set ofmultiple gears, mechanism adapted to key any one of said second set tosaid shaft, a set of cone-gears, a sliding gear on said shaft, turningwith the same and adapted to engage any one of said set of cone-gears, abracket controlling the movement of said frame and said sliding gear,with means adapted to lock the same in the desired position, togetherwith gearing intermediate said set of cone-gears and said driven shaft,substantially as described.

4. A changegear device comprising in combination with the driven shaft,a set of multi-' ple gears secured together, and removably journaled onthe driven shaft, means .for drivingsaid set of multiple gears, a framejournaled on said driven shaft, ashaft carried by said frame, gearingintermediate said set of multiple gears and said shaft adapted to induceany one of several speeds therein, a sliding gear on said shaft turningtherewith, a set of cone-gears adapted to be engaged by said slidinggear, a train of gears between said set of cone-gears and the drivenshaft, together with means for swinging saidframe and moving saidsliding gear along said shaft, substantially as described.

5. A changegear device comprising in combination with the driving-shaftand driven member, a frame journaled thereon, a shaft journaled in saidframe, a set of cone-gears, a sliding gear on said shaft turningtherewith adapted to engage any one of said set of conegears, gearingintermediate said shaft and the driving-shaft adapted to induce any oneof several speeds in said shaft, together with gearing intermediate theset of cone-gears and the driven member, substantially as described.

6. In combination with the cone-gear box and a set of cone-gears, thedriven shaft journaled in said box and prolonged beyond the same, aremovable set of multiple gears keyed together turning loosely on saiddriven shaft,

said driven shaft being prolonged beyond said naled on said drivenshaft, a shaft journaled therein, a second set of multiple gearsturning'loosely on said shaft in engagement with said first set ofmultiple gears, means for keying any one of said second set of multiplegears to said shaft, an intermediate gear sliding on said shaft andturning with the same adapted to engage any one of said set ofcone-gears,

a gear loosely mounted on said driven shaft with gearing intermediatethe same and the cone-gear shaft and a clutch mechanism adapted to keysaid loose gear to said driven shaft, substantially as and for thepurpose described.

7. In combination, the cone-gear box, a set of cone-gears journaledtherein, the driven shaft, a frame journaled on said driven shaft, thelatter projecting beyond said frame, a removable set of multiple gearsturning loosely on said driven shaft, a short projection of the drivenshaft beyond said set of multiple gears provided with a keyway adaptedto receive any-sized changegear, an adjustable intermediate gear adaptedto drive either said set of multiple gears or said changegear when saidset of multiple gears is removed, a shaft carried by said swingingframe, a second set of multiple gears turning loosely on said shaft inengagement with said first set of multiple gears, with means for keyingany one of said second set to said shaft, an intermediate gear turningwith the said shaft and sliding thereon adapted to engage any one of theset of cone-gears together with gearing adapted to gear the cone-shaftto the driven shaft, substantially as described.

8. In combination with the driven member, a set of cone-gears, thegearing intermediate the same and the driven member, a swinging framejournaled on said driven member, a shaft journaled in said frame, anintermediate gear sliding on and turning with said shaft adapted toengage any one of the set of conegears, removable gearing journaled onthe driven member, mechanism between said removable gearing and saidshaft adapted to induce in the same any one of several speeds, thedriven member projecting beyond said mechanism where it is adapted tohave keyed to it any-sized change-gear in the absence of said removablegearing, and an adjustable gear adapted to drive either said removablegearing or said changegear, substantially as described.

9. In combination with a driven member, a

set of cone-gears, together with gearing intermediate the same and thedriven member, a swinging frame journaled on said driven member, a shaftjournaled in said frame, a sliding gear on said shaft turning with thesame and adapted to engage any one of the set of cone-gears, removablegearing on the driven member, with means for driving said removablegearing, and gearing intermediate said removable gearing and the shaftcarrying the sliding gear, substantially as described.

10. In combination, a driving and a driven shaft, a set of cone-gearsoperating the driven shaft, a sliding gear adapted to engage any one ofsaid set of cone-gears, an oscillating frame carrying said sliding gear,gearing intermediate the driving-shaft and said sliding gear, adjustablepins supported opposite the set of cone-gears, and a spring-controlledcollar on said oscillating frame adapted to engage one of said pins whensaid sliding gear is in mesh with the corresponding cone-gear.

11. In combination with the driving and driven shaft, the cone-gear boxand the set of cone-gears operating the driven shaft, the sliding pinionadapted to engage any one of said set of cone-gears, the oscillatingframe carrying the said sliding pinion, and gearing intermediate thedriving-shaft and said sliding pinion, the screw-threaded pins R screwedinto the upper edge of the cone-gear box opposite the cone-gears, theset-nut r,'the bracket 1" and the spring-controlled collar S having anotched flange normally engaging the pins R, substantially as described.

' WILLIAM T. S. JOHNSON. Witnesses? GEORGE HEIDMAN, CLARENCE E.MEHLHOPE.

